Acute Cellular Rejection Predominated by Monocytes Is a Severe Form of Rejection in Human Renal Recipients With or Without Campath-1H (Alemtuzumab) Induction Therapy

Campath-1H has been used successfully for induction and has resulted in a low rate of acute cellular rejection (ACR) in renal transplantation in combination with various postoperative immunosuppression regimens. This study was undertaken to investigate the extent of monocyte involvement in ACR, with or without Campath-1H induction. We found that monocytes represented the majority of inflammatory cells in grades Ib or higher ACR, but not with Ia type of ACR, regardless of the status of Campath-1H induction. Cases of ACR, following Campath-1H induction, appear to demonstrate a 'pure form' of monocytic ACR, whereas monocytes were mixed with many other types of inflammatory cells in the cases of ACR in the absence of Campath-1H induction. In addition with Campath-1H induction, the cases of monocyte-predominant ACR were found to uniformly exhibit a good response to corticosteroid treatment. We conclude that monocyte-predominate ACR may represent a severe form of rejection, with or without Campath-1H treatment.     

高迁移率族蛋白B1对大鼠脾脏树突状细胞表面共刺激分子表达的影响

目的观察高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)对树突状细胞(dendritic cells,DC)表面共刺激分子表达的影响,并对其机制进行初步探讨。方法分离正常Wistar大鼠脾脏DC后置于96孔培养板(1×10~5/孔),采用HMGB1刺激,观察HMGB1刺激与DC表面共刺激分子CD80、CD86和主要组织相容性复合物(MHC)Ⅱ表达的时间-效应关系及剂量-效应关系。结果HMGB1刺激后,DC表面共刺激分子CD80、CD86和MHCⅡ表达分别于24～72 h明显上调(P＜0．05,0．01),其中以作用48 h后DC表面共刺激分子表达上调尤为显著(P＜0．01)；0．1μg/ml、1μg/ml、10μg/ml的HMGB1刺激均可诱导DC表面共刺激分子CD80、CD86和MHCⅡ表达增强(P＜0．05,0．01),其中HMGB1的浓度在1μg/ml时,大鼠DC表面共刺激分子CD80、CD86和MHCⅡ的表达增强最明显(P＜0．01)。结论HMGB1能诱导DC表面共刺激分子表达增强,HMGB1可能是诱导DC成熟的免疫刺激信号。     

人免疫球蛋白受体FcγRⅡa的基因克隆及在K562细胞的表达

目的 将外源人免疫球蛋白IgGFe段Ⅱ型受体CD32a分子表达于K562细胞表面，为构建人工抗原递呈细胞提供蓖要前提。方法 自U937细胞RTPCR得到CD3h的cDNA基因，与T载体连接后亚克隆入表达载体pcDNA3．1（＋）。经测序后利用脂质体介导的转染将CD32a分子表达在K562细胞的表面。结果 构建的T载体测序后，Genebank比对证实为CD32a的cDNA分子，免疫荧光和流式细胞仪结果均说明CD32a分子在K562细胞得到表达（96．9％）。结论 获得的人工构建的表达人免疫球蛋白IgGFe受淬的K562细胞。完成人工抗原递呈细胞制备的首要步骤。     

Phenotype of endomyocardial biopsy-derived T-lymphocyte cultures and chronic rejection after heart transplantation

Chronic rejection (CR) is a major problem in long-term survival in heart transplantation. We analysed whether the occurrence of CR correlates with the incidence of acute rejections (AR) or with characteristics of endomyocardial biopsy-derived cell cultures. CR was diagnosed by annual angiography and defined as all coronary vascular changes. One year after transplantation 24 of the 63 patients had CR (38%). The incidence of AR in CR + and CR — patients was comparable. The patients in both groups had similar individual median percentages of EMB-yielding cell cultures. During the first year the CR — patients had more cultures in which at least 60% of the cells were CD4 + T cells (50% vs 37%, P = 0.05), due to a stronger CD4 predominance in the first 6 months. In the second year the CD4 predominance in the patients diagnosed as CR + after 1 year tended to be higher (P = 0.08). The patients had comparable percentages of cultures predominated by CD8 + T cells, γδ T cells or NK cells, irrespective of the time interval. These results might indicate that CD4 + T lymphocytes play a dual role in the aetiology of CR.     

CD40-CD40配体与动脉粥样硬化的研究进展

动脉粥样硬化是多种因素导致的慢性疾病,严重威胁人类的健康。炎症介质CD40-CD40L被发现广泛存在于与动脉粥样硬化相关的各种细胞及血小板中,可促进其他炎症因子释放,增加内皮的促凝活性,诱导基质金属蛋白酶表达,与氧化型低密度脂蛋白协同作用促进动脉的粥样硬化和斑块的不稳定,在介导动脉粥样硬化和急性冠状动脉综合征的病理过程中起关键作用。     

CO中毒致迟发性脑病大鼠脑内CD4+T淋巴细胞浸润及神经胶质酸性蛋白的表达

目的观察CO中毒致迟发性脑病（DNS）大鼠脑内CD4^＋T淋巴细胞浸润以及神经胶质酸性蛋白（GFAP）的表达情况，探讨CO中毒致DNS的病理过程。方法25只SD雄性大鼠随机分为对照组、染毒后3、7、10、20d组，每组5只。采用HE和免疫组织化学染色方法，观察染毒后各时间点大鼠脑内病理形态学变化，及CD4^＋T淋巴细胞浸润和GFAP的表达情况。结果HE染色结果显示：各染毒组在大脑皮层及海马均出现神经细胞不同程度的变性、坏死，染毒后7d组最重。免疫组织化学染色结果显示：对照组无CD4^＋T淋巴细胞浸润，有少量GFAP表达；各染毒组不同脑区CD4^＋T淋巴细胞、GFAP均有不同程度的浸润和表达。CD4^＋T淋巴细胞染毒后3d开始浸润，7d达峰值，两者在数量上差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。各组染毒后GFAP均有大量表达，随染毒时间延长表达数量呈上升趋势。结论CD4^＋T淋巴细胞可能参与了CO中毒致DNS的免疫病理过程，GFAP阳性细胞对CO中毒引发的DNS可能具有保护作用。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞对肝癌细胞黏附分子CD44v6和ICAM-1表达的影响

目的:研究肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞(transcatheter arterial chemoemboli-zation,TACE)后残癌组织细胞黏附分子CD44v6和ICAM-1(intercelluar adhesion molecule-1,ICAM-1)的表达情况。方法:经病理证实的HCC 50例,包括单纯手术切除30例(对照组),TACE术后行Ⅱ期手术切除20例(TACE组)。TACE组患者术前接受1~2次不等的TACE治疗,均按统一规范标准给予化疗药物灌注+栓塞治疗。对标本行免疫组织化学PV-9000染色,其中TACE组取病灶边缘残存肿瘤部分,检测肿瘤组织CD44v6和ICAM-1的表达,将两组结果进行对照分析。结果:对照组和TACE组CD44v6和ICAM-1均有不同程度的表达。对照组CD44v6表达阳性22例(22/30,73.33%),TACE组CD44v6表达阳性13例(13/20,65%),两者间无显著性差异(P>0.05);对照组ICAM-1表达阳性19例(19/30,63.33%),TACE组ICAM-1表达阳性12例(12/20,60%),两者间亦无显著性差异(P>0.05)。对照组和TACE组中CD44v6和ICAM-1表达间均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:TACE术后残癌组织CD44v6和ICAM-1仍有较高的表达,TACE并不能有效降低肝癌组织CD44v6和ICAM-1的表达;两者表达呈正相关。     

肺腺癌VEGF-C、VEGF-D的表达与MVD、MLVD及淋巴转移的关系

目的探讨肺腺癌中VEGF-C、VEGF-D与微淋巴管密度MLVD（VEGFR-3）、微血管密度MVD （CD34）及淋巴结转移之间的关系。方法免疫组化检测48例肺腺癌组织中VEGF-C、VEGF-D、MLVD、MVD蛋白的表达。结果VEGF-C、VEGF-D蛋白阳性率分别为70．8％（34／48例）、58．3％（28／48例）,肿瘤周边部位显著高于肿瘤中心部位,具有统计学意义,其表达与肿瘤分化程度无关,与肿瘤的TNM分期有关,Ⅲ～Ⅳ期显著高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期。在VEGF-C蛋白阳性组,MVD高于阴性组（P=0．016）,MLVD显著高于阴性组（P=0．006）,淋巴结转移（P=0．042）增多;而VEGF-D蛋白阳性组与阴性组相比MVD无显著差异（P=0．943）, MLVD高于阴性组（P〈0．01）,淋巴结转移（P=0．012）增加。结论VEGF-C的表达与肺腺癌血管生成及淋巴管生成和淋巴结转移关系密切,而VEGF-D的表达只与淋巴管生成和淋巴结转移关系密切,与血管生成无关。     

CA19-9及其同分异构体CD15s在大肠癌表达的对比研究

目的:探讨CA19-9及其同分异构体CD15s在大肠癌中的表达及其与肿瘤发生、分化、转移及预后的关系.方法:应用催化信号放大法(CSA)检测150例大肠癌、84例转移淋巴结和50例远离癌组织的正常大肠黏膜CA19-9及其同分异构体CD15s的表达状况.结果:CA19-9和CD15s阳性物质在远离癌组织的正常大肠黏膜中阳性表达率分别为88.0%(44/50)和18.0%(9/50),在大肠癌组织中阳性率分别为81.3%(122/150)和94.0%(141/150),转移淋巴结标本中阳性率分别为66.7%(56/84)和95.2%(80/84).结论:作为预测大肠癌侵袭、转移及评估患者预后的肿瘤相关抗原,CD15s比CA19-9具有更重要的临床意义.     

Fas/Apo-1在下肢静脉性溃疡的表达

目的 探讨Fas/Apo-1(CD95)在下肢静脉性溃疡的表达及意义.方法 采用流式细胞技术、半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和免疫组织化学方法检测不同体位下肢外周血和局部皮肤Fas/Apo-l(CD95)的表达.结果 溃疡组平卧位、下垂位血液中Fas/Apo-1(CD95)阳性细胞数分别为41.45±14.25、40.20±12.42,mRNA为0.74±0.33、0.78±0.22,皮肤中阳性细胞数为42.62±22.19、46.50±20.12,分别与无溃疡组和对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);无溃疡组和对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同体位之间Fas/Apo-1(CD95)阳性细胞数和含量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 Fas/Apo-1高表达可能与下肢静脉性溃疡发生密切相关.